We all have heard and seen many people around us even in our family circles suffering from
diabetes. Diabetes is a chronic health condition affecting millions globally. It doesn’t consider
age or gender and can happen to an infant to an elderly. There are variants but the most
commonly known are – TYPE 1 & TYPE 2 Diabetes. While many have heard and seen people
going through it, the difference between Type 1 and Type 2 is often misunderstood and blurred.
Together in this article, we’ll understand what diabetes is exactly. We’ll also explore their
symptoms, causes, treatment options, and answer common questions that we might have.
Understanding the Basics: Type 1 vs Type 2 Diabetes
Before we get into the nitty-gritty details about diabetes , let’s first understand what Diabetes is?
Diabetes is a health condition that results from when our body is unable to create or produce
insulin in our body to regulate glucose causing high blood pressure. There are variants to it
and can happen to anyone. It is hard to get rid of but not so hard to manage with a few lifestyle
changes along with proper healthcare.
Let’s understand and have a look at its types :
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition disorder wherein the body’s immune system
mistakenly attacks insulin-producing beta cells in our pancreas. This results in little to no insulin
production, which is essential for our body, meaning individuals must rely on alifelong insulin
therapy.
Type 2 diabetes, on the other hand, is primarily a metabolic disorder. The body either
becomes resistant to insulin or doesn’t produce enough. That means relying on insulin
medications. It is usually associated with lifestyle factors and develops over time.
What Causes Diabetes?
Now that we have understood what the definition is , let’s understand the causes:
TYPE 1 DIABETES: exact causes are unclear , so it’s hard to pinpoint a particular reason.
However, genetics and autoimmune triggers such as viral infections are involved.
TYPE 2 DIABETES: strongly linked to obesity, physical inactivity, poor diet, family history and
aging (comes with old age for some).
Symptoms of Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes
Since the types are emerging from one cause, the symptoms may overlap , there are nuances:
Type 1 Diabetes Symptoms:
A. Rapid weight loss
B. Frequent urination
C. Extreme thirst and hunger
D. Fatigue
E. Unclear vision
Type 2 Diabetes Symptoms:
A. Slow-healing wounds
B. Tingling in hands/feet
C. Increased infections
D. Fatigue and blurred vision
E. Frequent urination (develops gradually).
Which Diabetes is More Serious?
Both forms of diabetes are serious at an individual level and require proper medical attention.
However, Type 1 diabetes can be life-threatening if untreated due to Ketoacidosis, a condition
resulting from dangerously high blood sugar and lack of insulin. Type 2 , while often
manageable through lifestyle changes initially, but any neglect or due to its nature can lead to
heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, and more if left uncontrolled.
If you are someone experiencing the above mentioned symptoms, or diagnosed with any of the
two or simply your loved one is going through this, know that you are not alone and you are
strong. Kindly take extra care of your health.
Can Type 2 Diabetes Become Type 1?
NO, Type 2 diabetes cannot become Type 1, as their mechanisms are fundamentally different.
However , some adults may develop Latent Autoimmune Diabetes In Adults (LADA) — a slow-
progressing form of Type 1, often misdiagnosed as Type 2.
Hence, to be on the safer side it’s always healthy to get checked every 6 months and if
diagnosed with any health conditions, following proper guidelines, lifestyle changes as well as
professional sessions and follow-ups is beneficial.
Treatment Options: Type 1 vs Type 2
There are few but imperative treatment options for diabetes. Let’s have a look :
Type 1 Diabetes Treatment:
- Daily insulin injections or insulin pump
- Continuous glucose monitoring (it’s vital to keep proper check of glucose levels )
- Healthy diet and regular physical activity (light exercises)
Type 2 Diabetes Treatment: - Lifestyle changes (diet, weight loss, exercise)
- Oral medications (e.g., metformin)
- In later stages, insulin may be required
Sadly there’s no permanent cure to diabetes for now. Scientists have been studying and
researching rigorously to find a permanent solution. In a few decades, in the near future , we
may be able to have a cure for sure!
Do Type 1 diabetics need insulin forever?
Yes, since the body is not able to create or produce enough insulin in Type 1 diabetes, diabetics
require insulin therapy for life. It may be difficult for both the person going through this and their
family but this will help you sustain and achieve your goals & aspirations. It is a necessity that
one has to accept. - Is Type 2 Diabetes Reversible?
Though Type 1 cannot be reversed nor can Type 2, but in many cases it may be reversible
through:
Results
- Sustained weight loss- maintaining an idle weight suitable enough to help in this journey.
- Dietary changes (low-carb, high-fiber)
- Regular physical activity (light exercises daily , small efforts everyday for a healthy
tomorrow) - Intermittent fasting under medical guidance
This one might not be a lasts case after all, studies have shown that early intervention can result
in remission for some individuals. For that yearly or monthly check-ups are a must. Listen to
your body, it always gives a sign.
Type 1 Diabetes Life Expectancy
Thanks to advancements in insulin therapy, glucose monitoring , and healthcare , life
expectancy in this has significantly improved. With proper management , many people live long,
healthy lives. Still, they are at higher risk for heart, kidney, and eye complications if blood sugar
is poorly controlled. Hair Loss and paleness are also a sub product.
Living with Diabetes: Daily Challenges & Coping - Regular monitoring of blood glucose levels
- Maintaining a balanced diet with whole grains, lean proteins, and vegetables
- Staying active (aerobic and resistance exercises help)
- Emotional support and counseling to cope with the mental burden
Always remember you are not alone and you are definitely strong.
It can be devastating to go through a health issue, especially one that requires a lot of care and
has no permanent cure. But early diagnosis and proper care will always help you heal. So take
care and live every moment to the fullest.
